Human health-risk of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been evaluated by several studies, of which the fecal-associated mobile ARGs were considered as the potential high-risk. However, the roles of viruses for the distribution of ARGs from livestock manure to soil were unclear. Here we carried out a microcosm experiment, the soil microcosms were added with different amount of femto-size (<0.22 µm) fractioned microbiome (FFM) eluted from pig manure, and the temporal dynamic of pig manure FFM and ARGs in soil were surveyed based on the parallel metagenomic and viromic analysis, the health risk of ARGs were also investigated. Our results indicated that ARGs and bacterial profile were influenced by the addition of pig manure FFM, and revealed a fluctuation like wave across the time dimension from 1 to 56 day. The Acinetobacter and their plasmids and phages directly encoded the majority of raising high health-risk of ARGs, but them were competitive excluded after three days. We also observed the Acinetobacter colonized in soil presented a higher microdiveristy compared to the pig manure. We concluded that intrinsic emergent coexistence in soil microbial communities antagonized colonization of pig-manure antibiotic resistome mediated by Acinetobacter and phages. Overall, this work illustrating the vital roles of Acinetobacter and their associated phages for transfer of ARGs from pig manure to soils, and highlights the importance of emergency of soil multispecies microbial communities for restricting the colonization of exogenous biological matters.
 

antibiotic resistome,viromes,Acinetobacter